Supplementation with inorganic nitrogen significantly reduced the requirement for CSL. It was concluded that CSL can be used as a cost-effective single-source nutrition adjunct for Zymomonas fermentations. mobilis in glucose media with whole and clarified corn steep liquor as sole nutrient source, and to determine minimal amounts of CSL required to sustain high-performance fermentation. This study employed pH-controlled batch fermenters to compare the growth and fermentation performance of Z. Corn steep liquor (CSL) is a byproduct of corn wet-milling and has been used as a fermentation nutrient supplement in several different fermentations. Minimization of costs associated with nutritional supplements and seed production is essential for economic large-scale production of fuel ethanol. In a recent survey conducted by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Zymomonas was selected as the most promising host for improvement by genetic engineering directed to pentose metabolism for the production of ethanol from lignocellulosic biomass and wastes. The ethanologenic bacterium Zymomonas mobilis has been demonstrated to possess several fermentation performance characteristics that are superior to yeast.
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